Effects of natural treatments on the varroa mite infestation levels and overall health of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies.
The survival of the honey bee (Apis mellifera), which has a crucial role in pollination and ecosystem maintenance, is threatened by many pathogens, including parasites, bacteria, fungi and viruses.The ectoparasite Varroa destructor is considered 10 GRAIN PANCAKE the major cause of the worldwide decline in honey bee colony health.Although several sy